Candana untranslated

Candana 01. A Deva, vassal of the Four Regent Gods (DN.ii.258). He is mentioned as one of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in case of need (DN.iii.204). He once visited Lomasakaṅgiya at the Nigrodhārāma, questioned him regarding the True Saint, and recited to him stanzas learnt when the Buddha preached the Bhaddekarattasutta in Tāvatiṁsa (MN.iii.199f) (but see below). The Saṁyuttanikāya (SN.i.53) records a conversation between Candana and the Buddha and a visit paid by Candana to Mahā Moggallāna (SN.iv.280). Buddhaghosa (MN­a.ii.951) says he was an upāsaka in the time of Kassapa Buddha and offered the four requisites to the Buddha and the monks, as a result of which he became a Deva. It is elsewhere stated that in Kassapa’s time Candana and Lomasakaṅgiya were friends and that both became monks (Thag­a.i.84f. In this version not Candana, but Lomasakaṅgiya, expounds the Sutta; in MN.iii.199f. it is Candana).

When Kassapa preached the Bhaddekarattasutta, Candana asked Lomasakaṅgiya to explain it; this he was unable to do, and so made a wish that he should be able to explain it in a future birth, Candana wishing that he should then ask the questions again. Both wishes were fulfilled. For details see Lomasakaṅgiya (2).

Candana 02. Candana Thera. He belonged to a rich family in Sāvatthī, and having heard the Buddha preach, became a Sotāpanna When a son was born to him he joined the Saṅgha and took to meditating in the forest. Later he dwelt in a charnel-field near Sāvatthī. There he was visited by his wife and child who hoped to win him back, but, seeing them from afar, he made a special effort and became an Arahant, preaching to his wife as she approached (Thag.vs.299-302; Thag­a.i.395f).

Thirty-one kappas ago he was a tree-sprite, and having seen the Pacceka Buddha Sudassana, gave him a kuṭaja-flower. He is probably identical with Kuṭajapupphiya Thera of the Apadāna. (ii.451; the same verses are also ascribed to Hārita).

Candana 03. A monk of ninety-one kappas ago to whom Upāhanadāyaka made a gift of a pair of sandals. Ap.i.228.