Paṇḍu untranslated

Paṇḍu 01. Ancestor of the Pāṇḍavas (Cv.lxiv.43). The name is also for those who claimed to belong to that dynasty – e.g., in the case of the kings of Madhurā, e.g., Mhv.vii.50. See also Pandū.

See also Paṇḍurājā.

Paṇḍu 02. A Sākiyan, son of Amitodana; he was the father of Bhaddakaccānā and her six brothers. On learning from soothsayers of the impending destruction of the Sākiyans by Viḍūḍabha, Paṇḍu left the Sākiyan country and settled beyond the Ganges. Mhv.viii.18 f.; Dpv.x.i.

His wife was Susīmā. Mhv­ṭ. 275.

Paṇḍu 03. See Paṇḍuputta.

Paṇḍū, Pāṇḍavas, Pāṇḍiyas. A nation in South India, the Pāṇḍiyas. Their country comprised the greater part of the Madura and Tinnevelly, with its capital first at Kolkai and later at Madhurā.

Ceylon was inconstant communication with this country, both peaceful and otherwise. Marauding bands of Pandūs often came to Ceylon and, having deposed the rightful sovereign, ruled over the country. Chief among these invasions were the following: (a) for fourteen years, when Vaṭṭagāmaṇī lay in hiding; (b) for twenty-seven years, after the death of Mahā Nāma and until Dhātusena established his authority; (c) in the time of Sena I.; (d) after the death of Mahinda V. They also came with Māgha and Candabhānu, and, later, with Āryacakkavattin, who succeeded in carrying the Tooth Relic away to the Pāṇḍyan court; this was later rescued by Parakkamabāhu III. Sometimes the Sinhalese kings would make reprisals by invading the Pāṇḍyan territory e.g., in the reign of Sena II., and, perhaps also, under Nissanka Malla. Parakkamabāhu I. sent an army under his general Laṅkāpura to help the Pāṇḍyan king Parākrama Pāṇḍya against the Coḷa king, Kulasekhara. This, according to the Mahā Vaṁsa account, brought great joy to the Sinhalese.

Mention is made in the chronicles of several marriages between members of the Pāṇḍyan and the Sinhalese royal families. Vijaya himself took his consort from the Pāṇḍyan king at Madhurā, and later, Mittā, sister of Vijayabāhu I., married a Pāṇḍyan prince who became the grandfather of Parakkamabāhu I. This led to the establishment of a “Pāṇḍyan party” in Ceylon which was not always loyal to the reigning monarch e.g., in the case of Vikkamabāhu III. Parakkama Paṇḍu, who deposed Līlāvati, evidently belonged to this party and probably also Vijaya III. The Pāṇḍyan kings claimed descent from the Lunar race. Codr.15.

For other references, see under the names mentioned. Reference should also be made to the Index at the end of the Cūḷa Vaṁsa, s.v. Paṇḍū.